How mortgage payments are structured
A mortgage payment is calculated the same way as any amortizing loan: a fixed monthly amount split between principal and interest, with the interest share highest at the start and shrinking as the balance is paid down. Over a 15 or 30-year term, that front-loaded interest adds up to a substantial share of the total cost — which is exactly what the principal-vs-interest chart above is designed to make visible at a glance.
This calculator covers principal and interest only. Your actual monthly housing cost will typically be higher once property taxes, homeowners insurance, and — if your down payment is under 20% — private mortgage insurance are added on top. Use the figure here as the core loan cost, then layer your local tax and insurance estimates on top for a full picture.